Slavery And The Birth Of An African City Lagos, 1760-1900

Kristin Mann’s novel titled â€Å"Slavery and the Birth of an African City: Lagos, 1760-1900† is an investigation into the history of a small but globally significant portion of the West African coast and its relationship with the economy and the culture of the Atlantic world. Mann alludes to a shift in consciousness by the dominant power of Britain to the ‘reconceptualization’ (Mann 2007, 1) of Europe’s relationship with Africa as well as the abolishment of the trading of slaves. Her central focus is on Lagos – the former capital city of Africa’s most populous nation, Nigeria – from its rise to pre-eminence as a slave port to its relationship with the political economy and culture of the Atlantic world. This book is primarily concerned with the African side of the story and does this by examining how the inhabitants of Lagos were affected by their Atlantic encounters in the eras of slavery and abolition. Mann uncovers how the wo rld that the people of Lagos lived in changed overtime from the centre of Atlantic commerce into a British imperial capital through the following means: i) the trading of slaves, ii) the production of and trade in palm produce (2). Mann’s book also highlights the shifting balance of power between owners and slaves and the relationships between rich men, women and other dependents and how they adapt to new opportunities and constraints. Her study aims to advance the knowledge concerning several problems in African history, Atlantic history, and slaveShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesRichard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and

Communication Is An Important Aspect Of Effective Clinical...

DEOH 202/3- Reflective Essay (Student ID:7559879) The subject of communication is an important aspect of effective clinical practice in dental care. The process involves in a person sending a message to another person with the intention of evoking a response (Oliver, 2010). Communication is successful when the receiver perceives the same information that the sender tries to convey. The ability to comprehend is influenced by individuals development status, perceptions, values, emotions, knowledge, and other environmental factors (e.g. sociocultural background). It is a continuity skill that advance with age and develop from experiences. This essay will outline a critical incident that took place in a clinical session where poor communication between practitioners can have a significant impact on the relationship of the clinician and the patient. The incident occurred when the tutor came to check my periodontal charting on a fully dentate patient (including all 8s present). I informed the tutor that I was unable to obtain the correct reading for the pocket depth on 28 as I couldn t reach it. The tutor responded that at this stage, this shouldn t be an excuse because in a short period of time I will be working outside in the real world. In addition, I will be working on my own without clinical guidance and supervision from the tutors. At that moment, I completely agree with the tutor but I was more concerned that my patient will thinkShow MoreRelatedThe Value of Nursing to Research681 Words   |  3 Pagesscience. As an art, nursing is regarded as the ability to provide patient care with an emphasis on communication in order to understand the emotional reactions associated of patients experiences. Therefore, communication is an important aspect in the development of a trusting relationship between nurses and patients. This pr ocess of establishing such a relationship requires effective communication that stimulates the patients view of nurses as genuine, warm, and emphatic professionals. ConsequentlyRead MoreMy Experience Of Team Work1614 Words   |  7 PagesDescription In this report I will reflect upon my experience of team work both whilst on clinical placement and during my time at University demonstrating how my experiences will improve my future practice. I have chosen Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) as I find this model easily accessible and an effective form of reflection that fits my reflective style (See appendix one). 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Biomedical Science Thyroid Disorder

Question: Give a brief discussion on thyroid discorder? Answer: Introduction: Thyroid gland in a humans body is the largest gland, present in the neck, above the collarbone. It is butterfly-shaped one. It is composed of numerous blood vessels. The nerves for quality of voice pass through this gland. This gland is one of the major endocrine gland that produces hormones in our body (Nlm.nih.gov, 2015).The gland takes iodine and makes it into the hormone thyroxine (T4) and trioiodothyronine (T3). They are then released into the blood. The hormone controls many activities in human body (Ward, 2007). They are fat burning, heartbeat, energy usage, protein making and many more. Most of these are in relation to the metabolic activities of the body. Thyroid disorders are common in men and women. Women are found to be more effected by thyroid disease than men.Deficiency of thyroid hormone is known as hypothyroidism and over secretion of the hormone is known as hyperthyroidism (Friedman, Scherer and Friedman, 2012). The tests to detect thyroid problems include blood test s, scanning through radioactive ions, ultrasound, biopsy, fine needle aspiration (Thyroid Health and the Environment, 2007). Case Study Question: The detection of hypothyroidism and treatment of hypothyroidism by levothyroxine is the topic of discussion over here. Case Study: A 63 year old man had been complaining of tiredness and discomfort in neck. He had visited the general physician. He was also gaining weight and reached 90 kg. Increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, dry skin, muscle weakness were the other problems he had. Patient demographics: Patient demographics are the core of data for medical institute. It allows identification of patient and for better analysis. The patient in this case is a man. He is 63 years old. He is a native of London. His contact number is xxxxxx. His blood group is A+. He is allergic to dust and seafood. He has been visiting Dr. X for general checkups for the last 10 years. Recently he had complains regarding discomfort in neck and tiredness. He went to the doctor who referred to an endocrinologist for testing whether he had hypothyroidism or not. Sign and symptoms of the disease: The signs and symptoms in case of hypothyroidism can grow so slowly that people might think it is a part of the natural process of aging. This is because many of the signs are common in people. Opposite is true also. The symptoms are common among the different conditions and even if one has the symptoms he will not have hypothyroidism. Many people who think their symptoms are of hypothyroidism are often mistaken. They dont have the disease when they go for a test. Recognising the symptoms is difficult. The symptoms can be vague and mimic other certain conditions (Thyroid Health and the Environment, 2007). The general sign and symptoms include weight gain, fatigue, increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, dry skin, hoarseness, muscle weakness, elevated blood cholesterol level, muscle aches, tenderness and stiffness, slowed heart rate, anaemia, constipation, etc. (Phitayakorn, 2010). Others are hair loss, irritability, muscle cramps, insomnia, muscle aches, dizziness balance problem, vertigo, heavy eyelids. There may be puffiness in eyes, face, feet, hand, and ankles. There is numbness in toes, arms, legs, fingers, back. Weight gain is a sign that can be both ways. There is a huge problem related to mental and emotional health. There are panic attacks, mental sluggishness, poor concentration, memory loss, confusion, phobias, nightmares, mood swings, depression, nervousness or anxiety, lack of confidence and feelings of resentment. A person gets easily upset during this time. He develops hearing problems too. The patient develops difficulty in swallowing, sore throats, swollen and sc alloped tongue, dry mouth, sensation of lump in throat. Due to hypothyroidism, there may be deterioration in other health factors like repeated urinary tract infections, protein in urine, pelvic inflammatory disease. There is a poor response to treatments by the patient if he has hypothyroidism(Belen E, 2015). Due to hypothyroidism weight can increase or due to overweight person can have the disease. There may be other conditions of the gland like swelling of the gland known as Goiter, inflammation of the gland called thyroiditis, thyroid cancer, thyroid storm, thyroid nodule, etc. (Parangi and Phitayakorn, 2011). Each patient may have any of these symptoms as the main complaint. Different people suffer from different symptoms and problems. Indications of the disease: Hypothyroidism is an elusive one. Symptoms are undeniable sometimes. The patient underwent tests for hypothyroidism detection. TSH is measured by RIA (radioimmunoassay). Normally, low level of TSH is enough for normal functioning of the gland. When the gland is insufficient TSH level becomes increased. In some cases the T4 and T3 level can be in normal range. Rise in TSH represent failure in thyroid gland. The patient was checked for his TSH level with a blood test. The result gave TSH level of 5.0 milli-international units per liter (mIU/L). The reference range of TSH normal functioning is 0.4 - 4.0 milli-international units per liter (mIU/L) (Updated by: Brent Wisse, 2015). The reference range of T4 in blood is 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL (micrograms per deciliter) (Updated by: Brent Wisse, 2015). The T4 level in the patient was found to be 2.7 mcg/dL. It indicated that the patient was suffering from primary hypothyroidism. Due to primary hypothyroidism T4 is decreased and TSH is increased. In case of secondary hypothyroidism T4is decreased and the TSH is decreased or normal (I Kostoglou-Athanassiou, 2010). Thyroid stimulating hormone assays are most useful test for functioning of thyroid. TSH test alone can be misleading in some patients (DS, 2015). T3 level was tested. Low level of total T3 means the patient may have hypothyroidism condition. The reference range is 100 to 200 ng/dL (Updated by: Brent Wisse, 2015). The patient had T3 level of 27.8 ng/dL. This indicated that the patient had hypothyroidism. There was no Thyroid peroxidise antibody found from tests. Presence of this antibody in blood suggests that cause of disease is an autoimmune problem. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) test was done. After TRH administration in blood there was increase in TSH level. It suggested that the cause for hypothyroidism was because of the gland not secreting the hormone. Patients who show greater response to TRH have chances of having hypothyroidism (Doi et al., 2007). A thyroid scan was done. It was done in the radiology department. The patient had to take a pill that had iodine. He was then asked to wait for 4 hours. Throughput this time he had to lie under a camera and pictures were taken which correlated amount of iodine taken up. This was done by measuring the intensity of gamma rays emitted by radioactive iodine. A second scan was done after 24 hours. It is called radioactive iodine uptake test (RAIU) (Westphal JG, 2015). It revealed that the gland was swollen. Serum thyroid binding globulin test was done on the patient. This test is done to measure level of protein that is moving thyroid hormone in body. The test was done by collecting blood sample. It is then examined by electrophoresis. The reference value is 1.3to 2.0 mg/100 mL for electrophoresis (Updated by: Brent Wisse, 2015). The result was found to be 4.6 mg/100 mL. It indicated that the patient had hypothyroidism. Ultrasound test was done to detect nodules. This test tells about whether the nodule found is solid or fluid-filled. But it does not say whether a nodule is benign or malignant. No nodules were found. No biopsy was done as nodule was not found. Thyroid biopsy is usually done to find the cause of nodule in thyroid glandthat means whether it is cancerous or benign (Liu X, 2015). The sign and symptoms also suggested that the patient was suffering from the disease. He was feeling tired all the time and had discomfort in neck. Increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, dry skin, muscle weakness indicated that he was suffering from hypothyroidism. He had elevated blood cholesterol level of 250 mg/dL whereas the normal reference range is 180 to 200 mg/dL (Updated by: Michael A. Chen, 2015). He was overweight at 94 kg. Being overweight is an indication that the person may be having hypothyroid condition. Treatment for hypothyroidism by Levothyroxine: If hypothyroidism disease is left untreated, it can progress and the symptoms can get worse. Further problems in woman can cause high cholesterol, infertility, etc. severe condition can sometimes lead to seizures, heart failures, coma and death. This disease can be treated well. A daily, single tablet of the medicine Levothyroxine is used to treat the disease. The T4 thyroid hormone is contained in it. This is known as thyroid replacement treatment. It brings the T4 back to normal amount that the body cannot make. The patient needs to take that for the rest of her life. This medication is dependent on factors like weight, age, severity, and other health problems. Other medications include Placebo. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a disease of much concern. The sign and symptoms are many, causing a lot of problems to the patient. If a person has hypothyroidism, it can be detected by the various tests. Proper detection is necessary because this disease is of much concern. A number of tests are there for detection. Proper medication is needed. Levothyroxine can thus be used to treat the present case. References: Doi, S., Issac, D., Abalkhail, S., Al-Qudhaiby, M., Hafez, M. and Al-Shoumer, K. (2007). TRH Stimulation When Basal TSH is Within the Normal Range: Is There "Sub-Biochemical" Hypothyroidism?.Clinical Medicine Research, 5(3), pp.145-148. DS, R. (2015).Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone measurement for assessment of thyroid function and disease. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am., 30(2), pp. 245-64. Friedman, T., Scherer, W. and Friedman, T. (2012).The everything guide to thyroid disease. Avon, Mass.: Adams Media, pp. 11. I Kostoglou-Athanassiou, K. (2010). Hypothyroidism - new aspects of an old disease.Hippokratia, [online] 14(2), p.82. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895281/ [Accessed 28 Jun. 2015]. Nlm.nih.gov, (2015).Thyroid Diseases: MedlinePlus. [online] Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/thyroiddiseases.html [Accessed 21 Jun. 2015]. Parangi, S. and Phitayakorn, R. (2011).Thyroid disease. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood, pp. 22. Phitayakorn, R. (2010).Thyroid Disease, ABC-CLIO, pp. 23-24. Thyroid Health and the Environment. (2007).Thyroid, 17(9), pp.807-809. Updated by: Brent Wisse, a. (2015).T3 test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. [online] Nlm.nih.gov. Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003687.htm [Accessed 26 Jun. 2015]. Updated by: Brent Wisse, a. (2015).TBG - blood test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. [online] Nlm.nih.gov. Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003374.htm [Accessed 27 Jun. 2015]. Updated by: Brent Wisse, a. (2015).TSH test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. [online] Nlm.nih.gov. Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003684.htm [Accessed 23 Jun. 2015]. Updated by: Michael A. Chen, a. (2015).Cholesterol testing and results: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. [online] Nlm.nih.gov. Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000386.htm [Accessed 25 Jun. 2015]. Ward, C. (2007).The thyroid. Philadelphia: Saunders , pp. 5. Belen E,Deirmenciolu A,Zencirci E,Tipi FF,Altun ,Karaku G,Helvac A,Zencirci AE,Kalaycolu E (2015) The Association between SubclinicalHypothyroidismand Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Korean Circ J., 45(3), pp. 210. Westphal JG, Winkens T, Khnel C, Freesmeyer M. (2014) Low-activity (124)I-PET/low-dose CT versus (131)I probe measurements in pretherapy assessment of radioiodine uptake in benign thyroid diseases, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 99(6), pp. 2138-45. Liu X, Zhu L, Wang Z, Cui D, Chen H, Wei L, Wu Y, Rong R, Wu Y, Yao Q, Zhang Z, Cibas ES,Alexander EK, Yang T. (2015), Comparison of two different standards of care in detecting malignantthyroid nodules using thyroid fine-needle aspiration, Mol Clin Oncol. , 3(3), pp. 682-686.

Servant of Two Masters Play Review free essay sample

In the play they perform, the main character â€Å"Truffaldino†, a hungry slave, finds himself becoming a servant of two masters. His masters, â€Å"Florindo† and â€Å"Beatrice†, are looking for there lovers, who are unknowingly each other. Beatrice is disguised as her dead brother in order to collect dowry money from â€Å"Pantalone†, which she wouldnt have been able to receive if not in disguise. Because of this disguise, it causes drama between not only herself and Florindo, but also â€Å"Clarice†, now stuck between marrying who she loves, â€Å"Sylvio† and the disguised Beatrice, because she believes the disguise. Truffaldino† finds himself juggling between both masters, doing tasks and errands for both, all while on his empty stomach. In the end, Truffaldino is discovered to have two masters, but is not punished by either master because both Beatrice and Florindo found each other. I found Florindo, played by Freddy Moore, to be a bsolutely hilarious. We will write a custom essay sample on Servant of Two Masters Play Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His physical appearance and voice fit his egotistical role very well. But his acting in this role is what really got my interest. When delivering his lines, I found Freddy to be very strong in his deliverance, whether he was happy, sad, or enraged. He was very believable as a character because of this. Even when not the focus, he was still very believable. In the lunch scene, when the focus was clearly not his, he still was in character, happily munching away at his meal. Freddy did an excellent job as being the role of Florindo. There was no point in which I didnt believe his acting, or was bored in a scene he was in. All the subtle things like his body language really brought his character to life, and I found myself anticipating when hed be on. All of his body language truly showed that he was the character he was acting, and he believed it. I think all actors should see him as an example, because of his believability as an actor. This show was almost flawless in my perspective. I never stopped smiling while the show was going on, because of the hilarious jokes, the fourth wall breaking, and high quality acting. The concept of a play being about actors putting on a play was very interesting, and it really worked! The comedy in this play has got to be some of the most hilarious comedy Ive seen, I always laughed at every joke and loved it. I absolutely loved the Brigadoon reference and the Halo music, and how it was used in this play. The singing in my opinion could have used a bit more work, so it was the only negative thing I found. Though the singing wasnt the greatest, I was able to easily look past it. I found the costumes to be absolutely brilliant. All the costumes fit the characters that wore them well, and were very great! The scenery really stuck out to me as one of the best things about this show. The cobblestone floor really added to every single one of the scenes, and the buildings worked great because they were very believable and were always fitting to every scene. I loved how they used the house as a major aspect of the stage, walking about inside it or even having props I never even noticed until they were used! I found it clever how during the lunch scene, Truffaldino ran about constantly, between stage and house. I was on the edge of my seat whether he was on stage, or a few feet away from me. I found The Servant of Two Masters to be a very clever, hilarious, and well done show. I was hooked all the way by the first scene, and enjoyed it all the way through. All the actors created a very believable, interesting story, that I constantly believed all throughout. They had also did a fabulous job of making their character completely believable and real. With little to no flaws, I wouldve loved to see it again. The Servant of Two Masters was absolutely brilliant!